白宫发布《美国AI行动计划》，打造全球AI主导权战略蓝图
概要：2025年7月23日，白宫发布《美国AI行动计划》 “Winning the AI Race: America’s AI Action Plan”,，提出90余项联邦政策，围绕“加速创新”、“建设AI基础设施”、“引领国际AI安全与外交”三大支柱展开。核心措施包括：加快数据中心与半导体厂房的审批，推动高需求技术岗位培训（如电工、暖通技术员），扶持AI素养普及和劳动力转型；联邦采购要求AI模型保持意识形态中立，限制对具“过度监管”州的AI相关联邦资金支持；加强AI出口能力，向国际伙伴提供整套AI软硬件及标准配套；评估对拜登时代由拜登政府启动的FTC调查和监管措施，去除对创新不利的条款；建立网络安全AI信息共享机制，夯实国内AI安全防护。该计划标志着美国对AI监管的重大转向：更注重经济增长、产业主权以及全球竞争力，尤其强调“以工人优先”理念，通过培训和素养提升帮助劳动力迎接AI时代。尽管部分环保或偏见监管将被弱化，亦引发公众对环保、抗偏见与言论自由一体保障的担忧。
【华盛顿，2025年7月23日】 —— 白宫正式发布长达28页的《美国AI行动计划》（America’s AI Action Plan），详列90多项联邦政策举措，全面推动美国在人工智能领域实现“无可置疑的全球主导地位”。该计划由总统特朗普签署的第14179号行政命令发起，被视为美国AI国家战略的总纲领，涵盖创新驱动、基础设施建设与国际外交安全三大战略支柱。
三大支柱：创新、建设、引领
本次行动计划分为三大核心方向：
加速AI创新（Accelerate AI Innovation）
建设AI基础设施（Build American AI Infrastructure）
引领国际AI外交与安全（Lead in International AI Diplomacy and Security）
每个支柱下均设有具体行动条款，明确由白宫科技政策办公室（OSTP）、商务部（DOC）、劳工部（DOL）、能源部（DOE）等关键联邦机构牵头推进。
去监管化，强化市场主导
计划首要目标是**“拆除监管壁垒”**，推翻拜登政府时期制定的AI安全规制（如第14110号行政命令），强调自由创新和联邦采购中“去意识形态偏见”的标准。未来，联邦政府只与“保持中立、反映客观事实”的大型语言模型（LLM）厂商合作，避免AI沦为“社会工程工具”。
在模型生态方面，白宫鼓励“开放源代码、开放权重”的AI模型发展，认为其具备战略意义，有助于创新扩散、学术研究和国际影响力竞争。
基础设施升级：从芯片到电网全链条部署
该计划提出一系列“加速建设”方案，包括：
加快数据中心与半导体工厂审批（NEPA改革）；
赋予AI相关建设项目更高优先级的环保许可通道；
在联邦土地上部署新一代算力与能源设施；
升级全国电网，以支撑AI能耗快速增长；
在国防与情报体系中建立“高安全等级AI数据中心”。
特朗普政府强调将“拒绝激进气候政策”，在AI竞争中优先保障建设效率和能源自主权。
人才、工人与再培训：构建AI劳动力护城河
AI带来的不仅是技术变革，更是对劳动力市场结构的重塑。该计划提出多项以工人为核心（Worker-First）的AI人才发展战略，包括：
明确将AI素养与技能纳入联邦职业教育与资助体系；
鼓励企业为员工提供AI培训并享受税收减免；
设立“AI劳动力研究中心”，系统研究AI对岗位的影响；
启动职业技能再培训试点，聚焦受AI替代影响的行业；
针对基础设施建设岗位（电工、冷暖技师等）推动学徒制与认证体系更新。
技术外交与出口：打造“AI联盟”
行动计划强调必须向全球输出完整的“美国AI技术栈”——从芯片、模型到软件与标准，以此抗衡中国等竞争对手在国际组织中的影响。美国将通过出口融资、战略外交、技术标准推广等方式，确保盟友不被“敌对国家的AI技术”所主导。
此外，计划还强调加强前沿模型国家安全风险评估、限制敏感芯片出口、封堵半导体制造环节的管控漏洞等多项国际治理举措。
启动执行路线图，明确牵头部门
该计划由总统科技顾问 Michael Kratsios、安全事务顾问 Marco Rubio 及AI与加密领域特别顾问 David Sacks 联署，列明每一项政策的实施部门与时间框架，标志着联邦AI战略从宏观构想到落地执行的实质推进。
尽管该计划在业界被视为一项“激进且雄心勃勃”的战略调整，亦引发部分批评声音——例如环保审批放松、AI价值中立难以界定等，但其对美国AI产业格局和全球技术格局的影响已引发高度关注。
“AI是我们这一代的登月计划”，一位官员表示，“而这份行动计划，是我们登上AI高峰的路线图。”
原文如下：
The White House today released “Winning the AI Race: America’s AI Action Plan”, in accordance with President Trump’s January executive order on Removing Barriers to American Leadership in AI. Winning the AI race will usher in a new golden age of human flourishing, economic competitiveness, and national security for the American people.
The Plan identifies over 90 Federal policy actions across three pillars – Accelerating Innovation, Building American AI Infrastructure, and Leading in International Diplomacy and Security – that the Trump Administration will take in the coming weeks and months.
Key policies in the AI Action Plan include:
Exporting American AI: The Commerce and State Departments will partner with industry to deliver secure, full-stack AI export packages – including hardware, models, software, applications, and standards – to America’s friends and allies around the world.
Promoting Rapid Buildout of Data Centers: Expediting and modernizing permits for data centers and semiconductor fabs, as well as creating new national initiatives to increase high-demand occupations like electricians and HVAC technicians.
Enabling Innovation and Adoption: Removing onerous Federal regulations that hinder AI development and deployment, and seek private sector input on rules to remove.
Upholding Free Speech in Frontier Models: Updating Federal procurement guidelines to ensure that the government only contracts with frontier large language model developers who ensure that their systems are objective and free from top-down ideological bias.
“America’s AI Action Plan charts a decisive course to cement U.S. dominance in artificial intelligence. President Trump has prioritized AI as a cornerstone of American innovation, powering a new age of American leadership in science, technology, and global influence. This plan galvanizes Federal efforts to turbocharge our innovation capacity, build cutting-edge infrastructure, and lead globally, ensuring that American workers and families thrive in the AI era. We are moving with urgency to make this vision a reality,” said White House Office of Science and Technology Policy Director Michael Kratsios.
“Artificial intelligence is a revolutionary technology with the potential to transform the global economy and alter the balance of power in the world. To remain the leading economic and military power, the United States must win the AI race. Recognizing this, President Trump directed us to produce this Action Plan. To win the AI race, the U.S. must lead in innovation, infrastructure, and global partnerships. At the same time, we must center American workers and avoid Orwellian uses of AI. This Action Plan provides a roadmap for doing that,” said AI and Crypto Czar David Sacks.
“Winning the AI Race is non-negotiable. America must continue to be the dominant force in artificial intelligence to promote prosperity and protect our economic and national security. President Trump recognized this at the beginning of his administration and took decisive action by commissioning this AI Action Plan. These clear-cut policy goals set expectations for the Federal Government to ensure America sets the technological gold standard worldwide, and that the world continues to run on American technology,” said Secretary of State and Acting National Security Advisor Marco Rubio.
Learn more at AI.Gov.
2026财年H-1B申请3月7日开启：新规生效，流程与抽签机制重大调整！
美国公民及移民服务局（USCIS）近日宣布，2026财年H-1B签证申请的初始注册期将于2025年3月7日中午12点（东部时间）开启，并于2025年3月24日中午12点（东部时间）截止。此次H-1B申请周期不仅延续了电子注册流程，还引入了新的抽签机制和更严格的监管规则，以提高公平性和防止滥用。
H-1B 申请流程概览
申请H-1B签证的雇主及其法律代表需通过USCIS在线系统提交电子注册，并支付每位受益人$215的注册费。在注册窗口结束后，USCIS将对符合条件的受益人进行随机抽选，并计划在2025年3月31日前通过在线账户通知获选者。
新规生效：H-1B抽签机制与流程重大调整
2026财年起，USCIS正式实施以受益人为中心的H-1B抽签流程，旨在减少以往存在的“多家雇主为同一申请人提交多次注册”的问题。
关键变化包括：
单一受益人唯一注册：每位H-1B申请人无论由多少雇主提名，都只能被计算一次，大幅降低“多重注册”操纵抽签的可能性。
新规避免恶意操纵：USCIS强调，任何企图规避新规、通过多个注册增加中签概率的行为将受到严厉审查。
随机抽选优化：此次改革将确保每位受益人享有平等的抽签机会，提高中签机制的公平性。
缴费限额调整与电子注册优化
美国财政部为配合H-1B申请季，暂时提高信用卡支付限额，每日信用卡交易上限由**$24,999.99提高至$99,999.99**，以满足雇主大规模注册需求。同时，USCIS对电子注册系统进行了优化，包括：
助理可同时协助多个法律代表，增强协作灵活性。
自动填充部分I-129表格字段，减少人工输入错误。
支持批量上传H-1B受益人数据，简化雇主提交流程。
F-1签证持有者Cap-Gap期限延长
对于F-1签证持有者，此次调整还带来了一个重大利好。DHS（国土安全部）宣布，Cap-Gap期限将从10月1日延长至次年4月1日，确保H-1B申请人在身份转换期间能够继续合法工作。
雇主与申请人的应对建议
提前注册：建议雇主尽早完成USCIS账户创建，并确保所提交的受益人信息准确无误。
合规申请：雇主需遵守单一受益人唯一注册的规定，避免违规行为导致申请无效。
关注最新动态：密切留意USCIS官网，以获取官方指南和重要通知。
结语
2026财年H-1B申请窗口即将开启，面对新规的实施和抽签流程的重大调整，雇主和申请人需提前做好准备，以确保符合新的合规要求。关注H-1B政策变动并积极应对，将有助于提高申请的成功率。
更多详细信息可访问USCIS官网：https://www.uscis.gov。
Today, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) announced that the initial registration period for the fiscal year 2026 H-1B cap will open at noon Eastern on March 7 and run through noon Eastern on March 24, 2025. During this period, prospective petitioners and representatives must use a USCIS online account to register each beneficiary electronically for the selection process and pay the associated registration fee for each beneficiary.
Prospective H-1B cap-subject petitioners or their representatives are required to use a USCIS online account to register each beneficiary electronically for the selection process and pay the associated $215 H-1B registration fee for each registration submitted on behalf of each beneficiary.
If you are an H-1B petitioning employer who does not have a USCIS online account, you will need to create an organizational account. If you are an H-1B petitioning employer who had an H-1B registrant account for the FY 2021 – FY 2024 H-1B registration seasons, but you did not use the account for FY 2025, your existing account will be converted to an organizational account after your next log in. First-time registrants can create an account at any time. You can find additional information and resources on the organizational accounts, including a link to step-by-step videos, on the Organizational Accounts Frequently Asked Questions page. These FAQs will be updated with FY 2026 information before the start of the initial registration period.
Representatives may add clients to their accounts at any time, but both representatives and registrants must wait until March 7 to enter beneficiary information and submit the registration with the $215 fee. Selections take place after the initial registration period closes, so there is no requirement to register on the day the initial registration period opens.
The FY 2026 H-1B cap will use the beneficiary-centric selection process launched in FY 2025. Under the beneficiary-centric process, registrations are selected by unique beneficiary rather than by registration. If we receive registrations for enough unique beneficiaries by March 24, we will randomly select unique beneficiaries and send selection notifications via users’ USCIS online accounts. If we do not receive registrations for enough unique beneficiaries, all registrations for unique beneficiaries that were properly submitted in the initial registration period will be selected. We intend to notify by March 31 prospective petitioners and representatives whose accounts have at least one registration selected.
The U.S. Department of Treasury has approved a temporary increase in the daily credit card transaction limit from $24,999.99 to $99,999.99 per day for the FY 2026 H-1B cap season. This temporary increase is in response to the volume of previous H-1B registrations that exceeded the daily credit card limit. Transactions more than $99,999.99 may be made via Automated Clearing House (ACH). Use of ACH may require the payor to alert their bank in advance to remove any potential ACH block on their account. We will provide additional information before the start of the initial H-1B registration period.
An H-1B cap-subject petition, including a petition for a beneficiary who is eligible for the advanced degree exemption, may only be filed by a petitioner whose registration for the beneficiary named in the H-1B petition was selected in the H-1B registration process. Additional information on the electronic registration process is available on the H-1B Electronic Registration Process page.
Organizational Account Enhancements for FY 2026
For FY 2026, we have made multiple enhancements for organizational and representative accounts for H-1B filing. These enhancements include:
The ability for paralegals to work with more than one legal representative. A paralegal will now be able to accept invitations from multiple legal representative accounts, allowing them to prepare H-1B registrations, Form I-129 H-1B petitions, and Form I-907 requests for premium processing for different attorneys, all within one paralegal account;
An easier way for legal representatives to add paralegals to company clients.
Pre-population of certain Form I-129 fields from selected H-1B registrations; and
The ability to prepare a spreadsheet of H-1B beneficiary data and upload the information to pre-populate data in H-1B registrations.
These enhancements will be live before the start of the initial registration period.
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