California - 北美华人人力资源协会

California

在加州做HR，这10个工伤险问题你都能答上来吗？ ——NACSHR免费测验，每题即时解析法规依据加州工伤险10道必考题，你能全答对吗？ ——HR必知的Workers' Comp配置规则，免费自测几个月前，一位在湾区科技公司做HR的朋友发来一条消息： "我们公司有几个1099送货的承包商，其中一个上周在送货途中手腕骨折了。老板问我Workers' Comp要不要赔，我竟然不知道怎么回答。" 这个问题看起来很具体，但背后反映的是一个更普遍的现象——大多数华人小企业的HR，对Workers' Comp的掌握停留在"买了就行"的层面。至于怎么配置、有哪些坑、出事之后怎么处理，很多人并不清楚。这不是能力问题，而是信息问题。我们发现了什么 NACSHR 长期服务北美的企业，在和企业主、HR的接触中，我们发现Workers' Comp是一个被严重低估的合规风险区。表面上，大家都知道加州要求雇主购买工伤保险。但实际操作中，问题远比"买没买"复杂：工种分类（Class Code）填错了，审计时保险公司追缴差额，甚至以"分类不符"为由拒赔工伤理赔。一家仓储公司把仓库工人和文员填成同一个Code，审计时被追缴了近两万美元。 1099承包商如果没有自己的保险证明（COI），他们的报酬会被计入你的保单基数，你需要为他们补缴保费。很多企业主根本不知道这一点。远程员工的实际工作地址没有向保险公司申报，员工在家受伤时，保险公司可能以"申报信息不符"为由拒赔。领薪资的股东以为自己可以豁免保单，但加州对豁免条件有严格限制，领薪资的股东通常不符合条件。员工报告工伤后，HR说"等确认了再说"，不知道加州法律要求在1个工作日内必须向员工提供DWC-1表格，违规罚款每次$10,000。这些问题每一个都有明确的法规依据，每一个都在真实的华人企业里发生过。 HR和企业主面临的处境很现实：没有专职法务，没有时间读几十页的保险条款，也很难判断哪些信息是加州专属的、哪些是全国通用的。他们需要的不是一篇长文，而是一个能让他们快速定位自己问题在哪里的工具。他们需要的不是"你可能有风险"这种模糊的提醒，而是"你在这道题答错了，这是对应的法规，这是正确的做法"这种具体的反馈。基于这个判断，NACSHR Compliance Service 推出了加州 Workers' Comp 免费自查工具。 10道场景题，每道题对应一个真实的配置风险点，覆盖：工种分类、1099承包商、远程员工申报、股东豁免条件、保险空白期、审计材料准备、工伤报告流程、DWC-1表格义务、经验修正系数、多州员工覆盖。每道题答完立即显示解析，不只告诉你对还是错，还告诉你背后的法规逻辑和正确做法。整个过程3分钟，无需注册，完全免费。这个工具的目的不是替代保险顾问，而是帮助华人HR和企业主在和顾问沟通之前，先知道自己的问题在哪里。工具地址：compliance.nacshr.org/tools/wc-check 特别提示：本工具仅适用于加州雇主，其他州的法规存在重大差异，请勿直接参考。这个工具能帮你做什么如果你是HR，做完这个测验，你会知道自己在Workers' Comp配置上有哪些知识盲区，在审计季来临前可以主动排查。如果你是企业主，你会知道你们公司现有的Workers' Comp配置是否存在追缴保费或拒赔的风险，以及需要和保险顾问重点核查哪些内容。如果你的分数很低，不用慌。这个工具本来就是为了帮你发现问题，发现了问题才有机会在被查之前解决。为什么我们会持续做这件事 NACSHR Compliance Service 是 NACSHR 推出的加州HR合规服务体系，我们陆续推出了招聘合规检测、I-9 审查就绪度检测、I-9 知识测验，今天又上线了Workers' Comp 自查工具。这些工具都免费开放，不需要注册。我们这样做，是因为我们相信：华人企业主和HR从业者有权利以最低的成本获得准确的合规信息。在找律师或保险顾问之前，他们应该先知道问题在哪里。这件事有人做比没人做好。注册 NACSHR Compliance Service 平台，可以免费使用全部专项工具，并在新工具上线时第一时间收到通知。 compliance.nacshr.org 有需求随时联系我们如果你在做完自查后发现了配置问题，或者对你们公司的Workers' Comp有任何疑问，欢迎直接联系NACSHR保险顾问团队。我们会审查你的Class Code配置是否与实际工种匹配，核查1099承包商的COI是否完整，确认远程员工地址是否已完整申报，并协助你准备审计所需材料。中英双语，首次咨询免费，服务全美。 ? nacshr818@gmail.com ? 微信：hinacshr ? nacshr.org/Public/html/Insurance/index.html 本文内容基于加州Workers' Comp相关法规及保险审计实践整理，定期更新，不构成法律意见或保险建议。如需针对具体情况的专业建议，请咨询持牌保险经纪人或雇佣法律师。

California
2026年04月21日
California

企业团体健康保险“最低参与率”：HR和企业主必知指南!参保不达标为何会被拒保？企业申请团体健康保险时，“最低参与率”是最重要的门槛之一。简单说：符合资格的员工要有一定比例参保，或提交有效豁免（如配偶计划、Medicare、Medicaid等）。多数州/SHOP参考约70%标准，不达标可能被拒保或提高续保成本。计算方式很关键：“参保人数+豁免 ÷ 符合资格员工总数”。策略包括提升雇主缴费比例、提前收集豁免、把握特殊注册期。HR和企业主必须重视这个指标。更多信息可以联系 #NACSHR 我们的专业经纪人：WeChat：hinacshr 为员工提供团体健康保险是吸引和留住人才的关键福利之一。然而，在申办过程中，企业主和人力资源（HR）专业人士常常会遇到一个关键门槛——“最低参与率”（Minimum Participation Rate）。这项要求规定了必须有多少比例的合格员工加入保险计划。不理解或未能满足这一要求，可能导致保险申请被拒，浪费宝贵的时间和精力。本文旨在深入解析最低参与率的定义、其背后的原因、具体计算方法，并为企业提供有效满足该要求的实用策略。什么是最低参与率？团体健康保险的成功运作，离不开一个核心原则：足够多的员工参与。最低参与率正是确保这一点的机制。它指的是保险公司要求企业必须达到的、投保员工占所有符合资格员工的最低百分比。这项要求的设立，是为了确保健康计划能够覆盖足够多的员工，从而有效分散风险并维持财务上的可行性。一个常见的基准是小企业健康选择计划（SHOP），它在许多州都规定，至少 70% 的合格员工必须参与团体健康计划，或者拥有其他合格的保险（例如通过配偶的计划或政府计划）。此举的主要目的在于建立一个广泛且多样化的风险池。当一个包含健康状况良好和风险较高个体的员工群体共同参与时，保险公司就能更好地平衡赔付成本，从而为所有参与者提供更稳定、更实惠的保费。对于任何希望提供团体保险的企业而言，透彻理解这一门槛是成功投保的第一步。接下来，我们将探讨为什么保险公司如此看重这项要求。为什么保险公司要设置此项要求？对于保险公司而言，设置最低参与率是一项至关重要的风险管理工具。它的核心逻辑在于，通过确保足够多的员工参与，保险公司能够将风险在更广泛的人群中分摊，从而平衡健康个体与高风险个体之间的成本，最终使每个人的保费都更加可负担。保险公司设置此项要求的核心原因主要有两个：风险管理 (Risk Management): 一个规模庞大且成员多元化的保险池是维持计划稳定性的基石。如果只有少数员工投保，保险公司将面临更高比例的高风险个体，这可能导致赔付成本急剧上升。避免“逆向选择” (Adverse Selection): “逆向选择”是指只有那些预期自己会有高额医疗开销的员工才选择投保。这种失衡的参与情况会导致保费与赔付的比例严重失衡，推高整体索赔成本。其后果是，保险公司可能在下一年度大幅提高保费，甚至拒绝续保，最终使该保险计划对企业而言无法持续。数据显示，员工的参保资格池是相对稳定的。例如，在2023年，小型企业中有 82% 的员工有资格参加其公司提供的健康福利，这一比例高于前一年的79%，并且与过去五年和十年的数据基本一致。这种稳定性向保险公司证明了，存在一个稳定且可预测的潜在参与者群体，这是其风险模型的基础。通过设定最低参与率，保险公司可以确保这个稳定的资格池能转化为一个同样稳定和可预测的投保群体。对于企业主和HR专业人士而言，满足这些门槛的意义重大。它直接决定了企业是能够获得一个可行的团体保险计划，还是被迫转向其他成本更高、吸引力更低的替代方案，甚至可能完全失去提供团体保险的资格。各州要求有何不同？虽然最低参与率是团体健康保险的普遍特征，但具体要求在不同州之间可能存在显著差异。每个州都有权为团体健康保险制定自己的法规，这意味着参与率的具体百分比和相关规定会因地而异。例如，许多州采纳的**小企业健康选择计划（SHOP）**通常以 70% 作为基准，要求合格员工要么参与计划，要么拥有其他替代保险。然而，部分州份可能会根据当地的法规和市场状况，设定更灵活的门槛。此外，不同行业的员工资格率差异也可能使满足参与要求变得更加复杂。例如，零售业工人的平均合格率尤其低，仅为 54%。这种较低的合格率使得零售等行业的企业在满足参与门槛方面面临更大挑战，因为从一开始符合投保资格的员工基数就相对较小。因此，企业必须随时了解所在州的具体规定，以确保合规，并充分利用任何可行的投保选项。咨询专业的福利顾问是有效驾驭这些地区性差异的明智之举。了解了规则之后，下一步就是如何准确地应用它们。如何计算最低参与率？准确计算参与率是企业申请团体健康保险时至关重要的一个实际步骤。这个过程能帮助您确定需要多少员工投保才能达到保险公司的门槛。具体要求的百分比因州和保险公司而异，但通常在70%到75%之间。以下是计算参与率的清晰步骤：第一步：确定符合资格的员工首先，您需要明确哪些员工作为计算基数。这个群体通常包括所有全职员工，是计算参与率的分母。无论员工是否拥有其他保险，只要他们符合公司的投保资格，就应被计入这个总数。第二步：计算所需达标人数将符合资格的员工总数乘以保险公司要求的参与率百分比。例如，如果您有20名合格员工，而保险公司要求70%的参与率，那么您需要达到的目标人数就是14人（20 x 0.70 = 14）。第三步：考虑豁免情况员工如果已经拥有其他合格的健康保险（如通过配偶的计划、Medicare或Medicaid），他们可以提交豁免申请。这些持有有效豁免的员工，其人数可以计入您在第二步中计算出的“所需达标人数”。也就是说，实际投保的员工人数加上持有有效豁免的员工人数，必须等于或超过所需达标人数。他们的缺席不会对您的参与率计算产生负面影响。计算示例为了更直观地理解，以下是两个常见场景：场景一：拥有20名员工的小型企业符合资格的员工: 20 要求的参与率: 70% 需要投保或豁免的员工总人数: 14 (20 x 0.70) 场景二：拥有100名员工的企业符合资格的员工: 100 要求的参与率: 75% 需要投保或豁免的员工总人数: 75 (100 x 0.75) 对于员工人数可能发生变动的企业来说，定期进行此项计算是确保始终合规的良好实践。掌握了计算方法后，让我们探讨如何通过有效策略来达成目标。企业和HR如何满足要求？满足最低参与率要求有时会是一项挑战，特别是对于团队规模较小或员工需求多样化的企业。幸运的是，企业主和HR专业人士可以采取多种有效策略来提高员工的投保率，确保顺利达标。以下是两大类核心策略：激励员工投保提供财务激励：雇主出资分担部分保费，可以显著降低员工的经济负担，使保险计划更具吸引力。宣传长期价值：积极向员工宣传健康保险的长期益处，如获得预防性医疗服务和拥有安心保障，有助于说服犹豫不决的员工加入。捆绑额外福利：将健康保险与健康计划（Wellness Programs）等额外福利打包，可以提升整体价值。这些福利可能包括健身房会员资格、心理健康资源或财务健康服务，从而吸引更多员工投保。利用例外与豁免条款关注特殊注册期：某些州或保险公司会提供“特殊注册期”，在此期间可能会暂时豁免最低参与率要求。例如，根据联邦小企业健康选择计划（SHOP），部分州允许企业在这些特定时期内投保，为不达标的企业提供机会。善用豁免资格：拥有其他合格保险（如配偶计划）的员工可以被豁免，他们的豁免资格有助于企业达标。HR应主动收集这部分员工的豁免证明，这有助于在不增加投保人数的情况下满足总参与人数的要求。通过综合运用这些策略，企业可以显著提高满足参与率要求的机会，从而成功地为团队提供富有竞争力的健康福利。更多信息可以联系 #NACSHR 我们的专业经纪人：WeChat：hinacshr 对于中小型企业主和HR专业人士而言，理解和应对团体健康保险的最低参与率要求无疑是一项复杂但至关重要的任务。只有掌握这些规则，企业才能成功地为团队争取到全面且价格合理的健康福利。正在规划员工健康保险？联系我们的持牌保险经纪人，获取一份免费报价。我们为美国跨州经营的雇主提供支持。更多信息可以联系 #NACSHR 我们的专业经纪人： WeChat：hinacshr nacshr818@gmail.com

California
2025年12月24日
California

从“禁用机器人上司”到“人机共治”：加州 SB 7 将如何重塑用工 AI 合规版图加州通过“No Robo Bosses Act”（SB 7），加州州长需在 10 月 12 日前决定是否签署。一旦生效，该法案将于 2026 年 1 月 1 日实施，全面规范 AI 在就业决策中的使用。主要条款包括：雇主不得仅依赖 AI 作出纪律、解雇或停用决定；若主要依赖 AI，必须有人工复核；使用前至少提前 30 天通知员工，并在解雇时单独告知；员工每年有权申请一次相关数据。违规将面临 500 美元/次罚款。这项立法被视为全球首个系统性 AI 职场监管案例，为员工提供更高透明度与数据权利。以下是正文，供参考：加州立法机构已通过被称为“No Robo Bosses Act”的 SB 7，并送交州长审议。按照加州官方立法日程，州长需在 2025 年 10 月 12 日前签署或否决该法案；若签署，新法自 2026 年 1 月 1 日起生效。这部全美首创的就业 AI 专法，以“通知—限制—监督—救济”为主线，覆盖从招聘到解雇的几乎全部“就业相关决策”，并在“纪律、解雇或停用”等高风险场景强制引入实质性人工复核。一、SB 7 到底规范了什么？关键定义与适用范围自动化决策系统（ADS）：凡是由机器学习、统计建模、数据分析或 AI 组成、输出“评分/分类/推荐”等简化结果、用来辅助或替代人的自由裁量、并对自然人产生实质性影响的计算过程，均被纳入。就业相关决策：范围极广，几乎涵盖工资、福利、工作时长/班次、绩效、招聘、纪律、晋升、解雇、任务/技能要求、工作分配、培训与机会获取、生产率要求、健康与安全等。工人（Worker）：不仅包括雇员，也包括向企业或政府实体提供服务的独立承包人。 “不能只靠机器”的红线在纪律、解雇或“停用（deactivation）”决策中，雇主不得仅依赖 ADS。若“主要依赖” ADS 输出作出上述决定，必须由人类复核者审阅 ADS 输出，并汇总与审查其他相关信息（如主管评估、人员档案、工作成果、同事评议、证人访谈/相关在线评价等）。不得将客户评分作为唯一或主要输入数据用于就业决策。二、四大通知义务使用前通知（Pre-Use Notice）部署前至少 30 天向将被直接影响的工人发出书面通知；若法律生效时已在用，最迟 2026 年 4 月 1 日完成补通知；新入职者在入职 30 天内告知。招聘场景：对使用 ADS 的岗位，需在收到申请时或在岗位公告中告知。内容包括：受影响的决策类型、输入数据类别与来源及采集方式、已知会导致输出偏差的关键参数、ADS 创建方、工人数据访问/更正权利、配额说明（如适用）、反报复声明等。使用后通知（Post-Use Notice）若在纪律、解雇或停用中“主要依赖 ADS”，在告知该决定的同时，还须向员工发出独立书面通知：说明可联系的人与数据获取方式，表明使用了 ADS，员工有权请求其被使用的数据，并重申反报复。三、数据权利与合规底线员工每 12 个月可申请一次，获取过去 12 个月在“主要依赖 ADS”的纪律/解雇/停用决策中所使用的本人数据（提供时须匿名化他人信息）。禁止性使用：不得用 ADS 违反劳动/民权/安健等法律；不得推断受保护身份；不得围绕未披露目的收集工人数据；不得针对行使权利者进行画像/预测/不利行动。四、执行与责任执法机关：加州劳动专员主责，可调查、发临时救济、开具传票与罚单并提起民事诉讼；地方检察官也可起诉。罚则：每次违规 500 美元民事罚款（可累计）。法案同时禁止对行使权利的员工实施任何形式的报复。生效与时点：2025 年 10 月 12 日为州长签署/否决截止日期；2026 年 1 月 1 日起生效（若签署）。五、与其他法律的交互作用与 CCPA/CPPA 的衔接：若企业受《加州消费者隐私法》及加州隐私保护局关于自动化决策技术的隐私规则约束，则仍须遵守相应隐私规。工会豁免：若有效的集体谈判协议中明确豁免 SB 7，并对工资/工时/工况与算法管理保护有清晰规定，则在该覆盖范围内不适用。地方更高标准：SB 7 不排斥提供等同或更高保护的地方法规。六、难点与灰区 “主要依赖”如何判定？法律未给百分比或权重阈值，复核是否实质有效而非走过场，将依赖执法与判例。通知与数据工作量多系统、多岗位、多轮通知加数据留存，意味着 HR、法务与 IT 协作成本显著上升。客户评分的边界 “不得作为唯一或主要输入”的要求，将迫使零售、外卖、平台经济等行业调整绩效与纪律模型。七、横向对比：其他地区的经验纽约市 Local Law 144：要求使用自动就业决策工具（AEDT）的企业进行年度偏见审计，并将结果公开，同时在招聘/评估阶段告知候选人和员工。科罗拉多州 SB 24-205：对“高风险 AI”规定开发者和部署者的合理注意义务，要求进行影响评估，并建立申诉与数据更正路径，将于 2026 年 2 月 1 日生效。欧盟 AI 法案：采取风险分级监管模式，高风险系统必须建立合规体系，并开展基本权利影响评估（FRIA），监管覆盖就业、教育、金融等多个场景。八、企业实操路线图盘点与评估列出所有 ADS 使用点（招聘、绩效、排班、监控、培训等）。识别纪律/解雇/停用链路中是否存在“主要依赖”。审查 AI 供应商合同，确保披露必要数据来源与偏置参数。通知与数据管理建立前置通知、后置通知模板，并完成 2026 年 4 月 1 日前的补通知。建立数据台账，支持员工数据申请与匿名化处理。培训与演练培训人类复核者，明确复核标准和证据清单。建立纪律/解雇/停用的双轨记录机制，确保合规。九、场景演练：门店一线员工“低评分解雇” 错误做法：直接将顾客星级评价作为主要依据触发解雇。合规做法：将客户评分作为辅证。由人类复核者调取主管评估、档案、工作样本、同事/证人意见等。在决定同时发出后置通知，说明联系人、ADS 介入情况与数据申请权利。十、对 HR 科技与供应链的影响产品设计将更重视：通知生成器、人类复核工作台、数据取证与匿名化导出、偏置敏感参数标注等功能。商业条款倾向：在 SLA 中加入合规配合、日志可提取性、异常暂停条款，对高风险场景的责任分配更加谨慎。十一、编辑部点评 SB 7 的真正创新点不在于偏见审计或宏观风险分级，而在于直接规定：高风险就业决策必须有人类复核。这一行为导向+流程内嵌的模式，预示着企业 HR 管理将进入“人机共治”的新阶段。难点在于如何界定“主要依赖”与如何确保“复核质量”。未来数年，这些模糊地带将决定 SB 7 在实践中的实际效果。关键信息与来源加州议会法案文本：SB 7 Employment: automated decision systems 加州立法日程：2025 年 10 月 12 日为州长签署/否决截止日期，2026 年 1 月 1 日生效（若签署）相关法规：纽约市 Local Law 144、科罗拉多州 SB 24-205、欧盟 AI 法案

California
2025年09月23日
California

在加州的雇主必须在2月14之前向加州工人提供竞业禁止信息披露今年生效的两项州法律使加州工人的竞业禁止制度无效。加州雇员雇主必须向雇员发送书面通知，声明根据新法律，竞业禁止条款和协议无效的最后期限即将到来。议会法案 1076于 2023 年 10 月 13 日签署成为法律，要求公司在 2 月 14 日星期三之前向加利福尼亚州受非竞争条款约束的现任雇员和前雇员（2022 年 1 月 1 日后雇用）发送通知除非属于法定例外情况，否则这些协议无效。根据 AB 1076，员工必须收到有关其最后已知地址和电子邮件地址变更的个性化通知。 White and Case 律师事务所表示，根据《反不正当竞争法》，违反该法案被视为不正当竞争行为，每次违规将被处以 2,500 美元的罚款。参议院第 699 号法案于2023 年 9 月 1 日签署成为法律，“无论合同何时何地签署”，竞业禁止均无效，这使得该法律适用于在加州雇用工人的金州以外的雇主。管理方公司Ogletree Deakins的律师在 2023 年 10 月 18 日的博客文章中写道：“AB 1076 和 SB 699 共同强调了加州对竞业禁止协议的不信任。 ” 为了遵守规定，律师建议雇主：对与现有员工以及 2022 年 1 月 1 日之后聘用的前员工的雇佣协议进行审核，看看是否包含任何竞业禁止条款；修改与现有工人的协议，其中包含可能无效的非竞争条款；并向受临近截止日期影响的员工发送个性化的书面通知。这两项法案均于 2024 年 1 月 1 日生效。

California
2024年02月13日
California

Free immersive online training available for California caregivers 加州的护理工作者和家庭照顾者现可通过Front Porch与Embodied Labs合作开发的免费沉浸式在线培训课程，从所照顾人的视角看世界。该培训平台获奖无数，旨在通过第一人称视角体验，包括临终对话、护理转换、阿尔茨海默病、黄斑变性等多种经历，让正式和非正式的护理工作者能够体验并理解他人的视角和条件，这种独特的理解方式是传统培训工具无法提供的。Front Porch承诺将Embodied Labs程序免费提供给500名直接护理工作者和5000名家庭及朋友护理者，通过沉浸式体验，促进更加人性化的护理服务。 Front Porch Center for Innovation and Wellbeing partners with Embodied Labs to provide direct care workers, friends and family caregivers with cutting edge technology GLENDALE, Calif., Feb. 12, 2024 California caregivers can see the world through the eyes of the people they care for through a free immersive online training developed by Embodied Labs, in partnership with Front Porch and the Front Porch Center for Innovation and Wellbeing (FPCIW). The award-winning caregiver training platform is available for paid care workers, as well as for family or friend caregivers of older adults in California. The online program gives users a first-person perspective, allowing viewers to embody a variety of experiences including end-of-life conversations, transitions of care, Alzheimer's disease, macular degeneration and more. FPCIW is partnering as a Center of Excellence with Embodied Labs, a CalGrows Innovation Fund Award Winner, to offer free training to direct care workers and friends/family caregivers in California. "Front Porch is committed to sharing the Embodied Labs program for free to 500 direct care workers and 5,000 family and friend caregivers throughout California as well as to its community caregiver staff, residents and their loved ones," says Davis Park, vice president of FPCIW. "Through immersive experiences, formal and informal caregivers can embody the perspectives and conditions of other people, gaining a unique understanding not found in traditional training tools." Direct care workers, including home care aides, care coordinators or care managers, dementia care specialists, non-IHSS affiliated personal care assistants, activities coordinators, transportation providers, community health workers, and certified nursing assistants, can experience a VR or a desktop computer web-immersive experience. Friends and family caregivers can access short videos on their computers that allow participants to experience a 360-view from the perspective of an adult needing care. All content is available in both English and Spanish. More information on the program, including links to register, is available at the Center's website. "Embodied Labs is using the power of VR and immersive storytelling to help caregivers, family members, staff, and students see the world through the eyes of the people they care for and care about," said Kari Olson, president of FPCIW. "We are thrilled to expand access to this innovative training platform particularly because of the dynamic way it can bring people together and improve lives." Over 30 million Americans provided unpaid caregiving to older adults in the past year, according to the Family Caregiver Alliance. "Embodied Labs is positioned to support these heroes by providing caregiver training and tools that build empathy and understanding," says Park. "Our vision is to offer a deeper understanding of the perspectives and health conditions lived by others, through our shared immersive training experiences," says Carrie Shaw, founder and CEO of Embodied Labs. "By expanding our technology offering through our online platform, we can reach more people, and further build that bridge to understanding more effectively and empowering more humanistic care." About the Front Porch Center for Innovation and Wellbeing The Front Porch Center for Innovation and Wellbeing (FPCIW) is part of Front Porch, a dynamic not-for-profit organization, dedicated to empowering individuals to live connected and fulfilled lives through community and innovation. FPCIW pilots innovative solutions to solve real-world problems and meet the needs of older adults in collaboration with innovative partner organizations. Learn more at https://fpciw.org/. About Embodied Labs Headquartered in Los Angeles, California, Embodied Labs is the leader in immersive training for healthier aging. In use by a range of organizations in senior living, home care, government, academia and corporations, the training labs include: The Frank Lab (social isolation); The Beatriz Lab (Alzheimer's Disease); The Alfred Lab (Macular Degeneration and High Frequency Hearing Loss); The Clay Lab (End of Life Conversations); The Dima Lab (Lewy Body Dementia and Parkinson's Disease) and The Eden Lab (Trans Health & LGBT Aging).For more information, please visit www.embodiedlabs.com. Media Contact: Laura Darling, VP of CommunicationsFront Porch Communities and Servicesldarling@frontporch.net 818-482-7597 SOURCE Front Porch

California
2024年02月12日

California

美国各州最低工资（2024 年）总结 25个州将在2024年提高最低工资。华盛顿特区将于今年7月提高最低工资。加州最近宣布从2024年1月开始将最低工资从15.50美元提高到16美元。——更多自2009年以来，联邦最低工资率一直保持在7.25美元，但30个州以及华盛顿特区、关岛和维尔京群岛的最低工资标准更高。在最低工资率方面，美国的雇主受到不同法律的约束，具体取决于他们所在的州甚至城市。联邦最低工资率是由《公平劳动标准法》（FLSA）设定并由美国劳工部（DOL）执行的固定国家工资标准。联邦最低工资最后一次修订是在2009年，目前设定为每小时7.25美元。拜登总统一直在推动这一数字的增长到15美元，并在 2022 年将联邦承包商的最低工资提高到了15 美元——这可能是全国范围内提高工资的前兆。为了应对联邦层的惰性，美国超过一半的州和城市已主动在2023年在其管辖范围内制定更高的最低工资标准。在这样的情况下，法律倾向于对雇员最有利的工资——换句话说，最高的最低工资。最低工资率较高的州包括华盛顿州15.74美元和哥伦比亚特区16.50美元。最低工资率高于各州的城市包括纽约市（比纽约州高出15美元至0.80美元）和缅因州波特兰（14美元，比该州其他地区高出0.20美元）。作为雇主，及时了解有关最低工资增加或减少的所有法律法规非常重要。使用正确的时间跟踪和薪资软件可确保您毫不费力地保持合规。白皮书：工资和工时合规完整指南 2023年州最低工资率自1月1日起，25 个州提高了最低工资标准，以应对通货膨胀或根据先前颁布的立法。佛罗里达州将于9月提高最低工资标准。总体而言，30个州以及华盛顿特区、波多黎各、关岛和维尔京群岛的最低工资高于联邦工资。15个州以及北马里亚纳群岛使用每小时7.25美元的联邦最低工资。五个州尚未通过自己的最低工资标准法，因此默认为7.25美元的联邦费率。在下表中查看所有州的最低工资。注：2023年提高最低工资的州用星号（*）表示目前，哥伦比亚特区的最低工资最高，每小时16.50美元（从2024年7月1日起为17.50美元）。州法律将某些工作或部门从最低工资劳动法中豁免。例如，在新泽西州，这种豁免包括机动车辆的销售人员和在雇主家中照顾儿童的雇员。在某些情况下，各州为未成年人和学生等群体设定了低于最低工资的工资，或者为新员工设定了培训工资。在罗德岛州，为非营利性宗教、教育、图书馆或社区服务组织工作的19岁以下全日制学生有权获得11.70美元的最低工资。该州的最低工资标准为14.00美元。纽约的最低工资 2024年初，纽约将最低工资14.20美元提高到16美元。这是继2016年12月31日开始的一系列提高该州最低工资结束后的首次增长。根据 NY.gov 网站的说法，在对影响进行年度审查之后，像今年年初那样的未来增长将“基于将要设定的指数化时间表[...]。这些逐渐增加，并且对于在不同行业工作的员工会有所不同。大雇主必须比雇员较少的小雇主更快地提高最低工资。在地方层面，纽约市、长岛和威彻斯特乡村的最低工资为每小时16美元。这包括给小费的工人，尽管雇主可以每小时从工资中扣除最多5美元作为小费补偿。尽管有这些增长，但纽约目前的最低工资并没有考虑到目前的通货膨胀率以及这如何影响工人的生活水平。这种惰性一直是学术界和最低工资工人批评的主题。加州的最低工资加利福尼亚州的最低工资目前为16美元，比联邦最低工资高 8.75 美元。根据《加州劳动法》第1182.12条，加州财政总监有权每年决定是否需要提高最低工资。2024年增加0.50美元被认为是必要的，因为 CPI 在 2022 年 7 月至 2023 年 6 月期间增长了 6% 以上。由于快餐业的一些开创性的州立法，在全国拥有至少60家分店的快餐店必须遵守每小时20美元的新最低工资。该法案还在该州建立了一个快餐委员会，该委员会有权提高最低工资。在某些情况下，膳食或住宿可用于履行部分最低工资义务。这只有在雇主和雇员同意并辅以自愿书面协议的情况下才能进行。根据在官方通知找到的信息，记入员工最低工资的金额也受到限制。伊利诺伊州的最低工资 2024年1月1日，伊利诺伊州的最低工资从13美元增加到14美元，增加了1美元。这是自2019年以来的第六次增长，使伊利诺伊州有望在2025年达到15美元的最低工资。经常赚取小费的伊利诺伊州工人的最低工资增加到每小时8.40美元，并且在收到小费后仍必须赚取最低工资。如果他们不这样做，雇主必须支付差额。芝加哥的工资率更高，目前拥有21名及以上雇员的雇主，雇主每人最低支付薪资为每小时15.80美元。拥有 4 至 20 名工人的小型雇主必须支付每小时15 美元的最低工资。芝加哥小费工人的最低工资为每小时 9 美元（拥有 4 至 20 名工人的雇主）和 9.48 美元（拥有 21 名或更多员工的雇主）。与州最低工资条件类似，如果小费工人的工资加上小费小于全额最低工资，雇主必须为小费工人支付差额。佛罗里达州的最低工资自2023年7月起，佛罗里达州的最低工资为每小时12美元。每年逐步增加1美元，2026年9月的最低工资率将达到15美元。德克萨斯州的最低工资德克萨斯州的州最低工资为7.25美元，等于联邦费率。自 2009年1月24日起生效。雇主可以将小费、膳食和住宿计入最低工资，但对可以分配给他们的金额有明确的限制。在某些情况下，雇主可以向德克萨斯州心理健康和智力迟钝部的患者支付低于最低工资的薪资。这也可能包括年龄较大或有“生产力障碍”的个人。《德克萨斯州最低工资法》涵盖的其他豁免包括：受雇于宗教、教育、慈善或非营利组织某些专业人士、销售人员或公职人员家政工人某些青少年和学生囚犯家人某些游乐和娱乐场所不负责向国家失业补偿基金供款的非农业雇主乳制品生产和畜牧业生产庇护车间内华达州的最低工资如表中所述，您会看到内华达州有两个最低工资率。在这个两级系统中，获得合格健康保险的员工的最低工资率为10.25美元。但是，如果他们没有获得合格的健康保险，最低工资率将高出1美元，为每小时11.25 美元。这种长期存在的两级系统将于明年取消。自2024年7月1日起，内华达州将全面将所有雇主的最低工资率提高到12.00美元，无论他们是否提供健康保险。雇主须遵守最低工资法由于影响不同州甚至这些州内不同城市的差异和豁免如此之多，雇主要遵守法律可能很棘手。根据Workforce.com的首席战略官Josh Cameron的说法，工人赚取小费的行业可能尤其棘手： “在酒店或任何赚取小费的地方，您可以向员工支付比正常工资低得多的最低工资。因此，如果他们没有给小费，那么最低工资就是每小时7.50美元，但如果给小费，则为2. 50美元。只要他们得到足够的小费来克服这一点——这被称为小费抵免——那么他们就只能从雇主那里获得每小时2.50美元的较低费用。” 除了法律影响和巨额罚款外，员工工资过低也可能是您企业的公关噩梦。Workforce.com的产品合规主管Andrew Stirling认为： “少付的丑闻可能会让公司陷入困境。客户可以决定将他们的消费转移到其他地方。顾客不太可能去那些为少付员工工资的餐馆或商店。” 像 Workforce.com 这样的劳动力管理软件会考虑州和地方法律。Workforce 的劳工合规软件允许您根据联邦、州和地区的工资法向员工支付工资。这包括豁免和特殊情况，包括给小费的员工。随着法律的变化，该系统会保持最新状态，并且还会定期进行审核，以确保您保持合规并避免不必要的处罚。 Source workforce

California
2024年02月03日
California

温馨提示：加州雇主必须在 2024 年 2 月 14 日之前通知员工竞业禁止无效作为NACSHR专业社群，让您的全球受众了解就业法律的重大变化非常重要，尤其是在美国这样的主要经济体。加利福尼亚州关于非竞争协议的最新进展就是一个很好的例子。以下是可能与您的读者相关的摘要和要点：法律的主要变化：自 2024 年 1 月 1 日起，加州几乎所有形式的员工竞业禁止协议和条款都将失效。这是就业法的重大转变，反映出美国限制非竞争协议可执行性的趋势日益明显。雇主义务：从 2024 年 1 月 1 日起，加州雇主有 44 天的时间通知所有现任和前任员工（在过去两年内受雇并签订过竞业禁止协议的员工）这一变化。通知必须告知员工，之前的任何竞业禁止协议现已失效。通知方式：雇主必须通过邮件和电子邮件发送此通知，确保所有受影响的员工都能充分知晓。违规处罚：未遵守通知要求的雇主可能会面临每次最高 2,500 美元的处罚。这强调了遵守新法规的重要性。执法：虽然这项新法规的执行主要由加州总检察长和其他政府检察官负责，但从加州起诉违反非竞争协议行为的历史来看，雇主最好采取积极主动的态度。全球影响：对于全球人力资源专业人士而言，了解这些变化至关重要，尤其是对于在加州开展业务的跨国公司而言。这一发展可能会影响雇佣合同谈判和人力资源实践。这些信息对您的读者至关重要，可帮助他们深入了解重要司法管辖区不断演变的就业法律，并强调随时更新国际人力资源法律要求的重要性。 WHAT’S THE IMPACT? Employers must send notices to the last known mailing and email address of every current and former employee who worked under a non-compete after January 1, 2022. The notice must state that any noncompete to which the employee was bound is now void. Failure to comply with the Valentine’s Day deadline will trigger Unfair Competition Law penalties up to $2500 per violation. As an HR professional and editor, it's important to keep your global audience informed about significant changes in employment laws, especially in major economies like the United States. The recent development in California regarding non-compete agreements is a prime example. Here's a summary and key points that might be relevant for your readers: Key Change in Law: As of January 1, 2024, California has invalidated nearly all forms of employee non-compete agreements and clauses. This is a significant shift in employment law, reflecting a growing trend in the U.S. towards limiting the enforceability of non-competes. Employer Obligations: California employers now have a 44-day window, starting from January 1, 2024, to notify all current and former employees (who were employed in the last two years and had a non-compete agreement) about this change. The notification must inform employees that any previous non-compete agreements are now void. Method of Notification: Employers are required to send this notification via mail and email, ensuring that all affected employees are adequately informed. Penalties for Non-Compliance: Employers who fail to comply with this notification requirement could face penalties of up to $2,500 for each violation. This underscores the importance of adhering to the new regulation. Enforcement: While enforcement of this new regulation is primarily the responsibility of the California Attorney General and other government attorneys, the state's history in prosecuting non-compete violations suggests a proactive approach from employers is advisable. Global Implications: For HR professionals worldwide, understanding these changes is crucial, especially for multinational corporations with operations in California. This development could influence employment contract negotiations and HR practices. This information could be vital for your readers, offering them insights into evolving employment laws in a key jurisdiction and highlighting the importance of staying updated with international HR legal requirements.

California
2024年01月22日
California

Rest and Lunch Break Laws in Every US State (2024) Employee meal and rest break rights depend on their own laws according to their state. Meal, rest and minor breaks are detailed below for states of Alabama, Alaska, California…. Summary Federal law does not require meal or rest breaks. – More Some states have laws requiring meal and rest breaks – failing to comply can result in severe fines and even lawsuits. Employers can reduce their risk exposure by automatically scheduling meal breaks and recording them on timesheets with the right software. – More When it comes to rest and lunch breaks, it’s easy for managers to assume that a few minutes here and there won’t make a difference. However, this is simply not the case. We’ve seen break-rule violations result in costly lawsuits over the past several years. In April of 2022, an Oregon healthcare facility filed a lawsuit with the federal court system to overturn the state’s detailed meal and rest break rules. It’s an attempt to get out of nearly $100 million in fines due to persistent violations of employee meal and rest break rights dating all the way back to 2015. What’s confusing is that if this healthcare facility was in a different state, say Arkansas, these violations and fines would not exist. Federal guidance on the subject of lunch breaks is slim to none – but state laws concerning paid and unpaid breaks vary. It’s important to understand what state-specific rules do and do not apply to your business. While these rules can be convoluted, it is actually quite easy to comply these days with the right scheduling software in place. Federal break laws No federal law requires companies to offer breaks during work hours for meals or any other purpose. However, according to the U.S. Department of Labor, federal law says that if a company chooses to allow break periods, any break under 20 minutes should be paid, and any over 30 minutes can be unpaid and classified as “off-the-clock.” So, in essence, the federal government leaves it up to the employer. Rest breaks (under 20 minutes) are paid, and meal breaks (over 30 minutes) are unpaid. If a state has no laws regarding breaks, these federal standards automatically apply. State break laws It is up to the states to choose their own lunch and rest break laws. Some states default to the federal policy, while others have their own set of specific regulations to follow. All meal and rest break laws only apply to non-exempt employees. For exempt employees receiving over $23,000 annually, breaks are at the employer’s discretion. Find your state below and click on it to see its rest and lunch break rules: Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Alabama Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break:14-15-year-old employees who work more than 5 continuous hours get a 30-minute break. Alabama defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16+. If an employer chooses to provide a break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Alaska Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: Minors ages 14-17 who work 5+ consecutive hours get a 30-minute break. Alaska defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Arizona Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Arizona defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Arkansas Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Arkansas defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers of all ages. If an employer chooses to provide a break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than this do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. The state does have a special lactation break law. Employers must provide reasonable unpaid break time to employees who are lactating. These breaks must be taken in a private place close to their work area (not a bathroom stall). Back to top California Meal Break: Employees get a 30-minute paid meal break during a shift that is longer than five consecutive hours. If the employee is relieved of regular work duties and can leave the premises during their break, the break goes unpaid. But if these requirements are not met, the break must be paid at the regular rate of pay. An employee may also waive their lunch break upon mutual consent with management if a workday will be completed in six hours or fewer. If a work shift is longer than 10 hours, a second 30-minute rest break must be provided. If a total of 12 hours or fewer are worked in a day, this second meal break may be waived, but only if the first meal period was not waived. Employees who work longer than 15 hours get an additional third 30-minute break. If they work longer than 20 hours, they get a fourth 30-minute break. If an employer fails to provide an employee a meal break during a shift, they owe the employee one extra hour of pay at the employee’s regular rate. Rest Break: Employees get a 10-minute paid rest break every 4 hours. A 10-minute break is not required for work time totaling less than three and a half hours. Employees working in extreme weather conditions must also be provided with a five-minute “recovery period” in a protected environment in addition to their meal and rest break. For every day an employee is forced to work through one or more of their rest breaks, their employer must pay them one additional hour of wages at the regular rate. Minor Break: N/A Back to top Colorado Meal Break:30minutes for employees who work 5+ hours. If the break is “duty-free” it goes unpaid. However, if a “duty-free” meal is not possible, the employee may take an “on-duty” meal, in which case the employee must be paid. Rest Break:10minutes paid per 4 hours worked only for employees in the retail, food and beverage, commercial support, health, and medical industries. Minor Break: N/A Back to top Connecticut Meal Break: 30 minutes for non-exempt employees who work at least 7.5 hours. Employers are exempt from this requirement only if: Complying endangers public safety The duties of the position can only be done by one employee Fewer than five employees are working a shift in a particular location Operations require employees to be available to respond to urgent conditions Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top Delaware Meal Break: Unpaid 30 minutes for employees 18+ who work at least 7.5 hours. Meal breaks must be given sometime after the first two hours of work and before the last two hours of work. Employers are exempt from this requirement only if: Complying endangers public safety The duties of the position can only be done by one employee Fewer than five employees are working a shift in a particular location Operations require employees to be available to respond to urgent conditions There exists a collective bargaining agreement that provides otherwise The employee is employed by a local school board to work directly with children Rest Break: None Minor Break: 30 minutes for employees under 18 for every 5 consecutive hours of work. Back to top Florida Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: 30 minutes for employees under 18 who work more than 4 hours. Florida defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Georgia Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Georgia defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Hawaii Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: 30 minutes for 14 and 15-year-old employees who work five consecutive hours Hawaii defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Idaho Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Hawaii defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Illinois Meal Break: At least 20 minutes unpaid for employees who work 7.5+ continuous hours. Must be given no later than five hours after beginning work. Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under 16 who work 5+ hours. Back to top Indiana Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break:1-2 breaks totaling 30 minutes for employees under 18 who work at least six consecutive hours. Indiana defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18+. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Iowa Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under the age of 16 who work 5+ consecutive hours. Iowa defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Kansas Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Kansas defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Kentucky Meal Break: Reasonable unpaid break period (typically 20-30 minutes long) after the third and before the fifth hour of work for employees who work 5+ consecutive hours. Rest Break: 10 minutes after every 4 hours of work. Minor Break: N/A Back to top Louisiana Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes unpaid for employees under 18 who work five consecutive hours Louisiana defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Maine Meal Break: None Rest Break: At least 30 minutes unpaid for all employees who work 6+ hours, but only if there are three or more people on duty. Minor Break: N/A Back to top Maryland Meal Break: None for the majority of employees. However, under the Healthy Retail Employee Act, retail organizations with 50+ staff operating for 20+ calendar weeks must give employees a 30-minute meal break if they work a shift that is longer than six hours. Rest Break: Under the Healthy Retail Employee Act, certain retail employees are entitled to 15-minute breaks when they work shifts that last 4-6 hours. Employees who work for 8+ hours receive an additional 15-minute break for every additional four hours worked. Minor Break: 30 minutes for employees under 18 for every five consecutive hours of work. Back to top Massachusetts Meal Break: 30 minutes unpaid for employees who work 6+ hours, excluding those in factory and mechanical establishments. Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top Michigan Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under 18 if they work more than 5 consecutive hours. Michigan defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Minnesota Meal Break: Sufficient unpaid time to eat a meal for employees who work 8+ hours. Must be paid if less than 20 minutes. Rest Break: Sufficient time to use the restroom every 4 hours. Minor Break: N/A Back to top Mississippi Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Mississippi defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Missouri Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Missouri defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Montana Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Montana defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Nebraska Meal Break: None Rest Break: At least 30 minutes per 8-hour shift for assembling plant, workshop, or mechanical establishment employees. Minor Break: None Back to top Nevada Meal Break: At least 30 minutes for employees working 8+ continuous hours. Rest Break: At least 10 minutes paid every 4 hours. This break is not typically required if an employee’s total work time is less than three and a half hours. Minor Break: N/A Back to top New Hampshire Meal Break: 30 minutes for employees who work 5+ consecutive hours. Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top New Jersey Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under 18 who work 5+ hours. New Jersey defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top New Mexico Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None New Mexico defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top New York Meal Break:30minutes for employees who work 6+ hours between 11 am and 2 pm. 45 minutes for employees midway through a 6+ hour shift that starts between 1 pm and 6 am. An additional 20 minutes between 5 pm and 7 pm for those working a shift starting before 11 am and continuing after 7 pm. Different rules apply to factory workers. They get a 1-hour lunch period anywhere between 11 am and 2 pm for 6+ hour shifts or a 60-minute break midway through a shift of more than 6 hours that starts between 1 pm and 6 am. Rest Break: 24 consecutive hours per week Minor Break: N/A Back to top North Carolina Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under 16 who work 5+ hour shifts. North Carolina defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16+. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top North Dakota Meal Break: 30 minutes unpaid for employees who work 5+ hours when two or more employees are on duty. Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top Ohio Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes unpaid for employees under 18 working five consecutive hours or more. Ohio defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18+. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Oklahoma Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for every 5 hours worked and 1 hour for every 8 hours worked for employees under 16. Oklahoma defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Oregon Meal Break: At least 30 minutes, unpaid, uninterrupted, and relieved of all duties, must be provided per 6 hours worked. No meal break is required for shifts under 6 hours. 6-14 hours: 1 break 14-22 hours: 2 breaks 22-24 hours: 3 breaks Rest Break: 10 minutes paid based on hours worked. 2-6 hours: 1 break 6-10 hours: 2 breaks 10-14 hours: 3 breaks 14-18 hours: 4 breaks 18-22 hours: 5 breaks 22-24 hours: 6 breaks Minor Break: Workers under 18 receive the same meal breaks as adults; however, it is required that they get 15-minute rest breaks rather than 10-minute breaks. Back to top Pennsylvania Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: 30 minutes per 5 hours for workers under 18 years of age. Pennsylvania defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Rhode Island Meal Break: 20 minutes for employees who work 6 hours and 30 minutes for employees who work 8+ hours. The break may be unpaid if the employee is relieved of all duties. Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top South Carolina Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None South Carolina defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top South Dakota Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None South Dakota defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Tennessee Meal Break: At least 30 minutes for employees who work 6+ hours Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Back to top Texas Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Texas defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Utah Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for lunch no later than 5 hours into the workday for employees under 18. They must also be given a 10-minute rest break for every 4 hours worked and cannot work 3+ consecutive hours without a 10-minute break. Utah defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Vermont Meal Break: Employees must have a “reasonable opportunity” to eat and use the restroom. This opportunity must be paid if it is less than 20 minutes. Rest Break: None Minor Break: N/A Vermont has a special lactation break law requiring employers to provide reasonable break time throughout the day to employees who are lactating. It is left to the employer’s discretion whether these breaks are paid or unpaid unless denoted by a collective bargaining agreement. Back to top Virginia Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes for employees under 16 who work 5+ consecutive hours. Virginia defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 16 and over. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Washington Meal Break:30minutes for every 5 consecutive hours worked, given not less than 2 hours nor more than 5 hours from the beginning of a shift (excludes agricultural employees). 30 additional minutes for employees who work at least 3 hours past the time they normally end their shift. Unpaid if the employee is completely free of duties. Rest Break: At least 10 minutes for every 4 hours worked. Minor Break: 14 and 15-year-old employees must have a 30-minute meal break before working 4 consecutive hours. A 30-minute meal break is required for employees ages 16 and 17 no less than 2 hours but no more than 5 hours from the beginning of their shift. Back to top West Virginia Meal Break: 20 minutes for employees who work 6+ hours. Rest Break: None Minor Break: At least 30 minutes if scheduled to work over 5 hours. Back to top Wisconsin Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: 30 minutes duty-free for employees under 18 working 6+ consecutive hours. 16 and 17-year-olds must have 8 hours of rest between shifts if scheduled after 8 pm. Wisconsin defaults to federal law regarding breaks for workers aged 18+. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Wyoming Meal Break: None Rest Break: None Minor Break: None Wyoming defaults to federal law regarding breaks for all workers. If an employer chooses to provide a meal break, it must be paid only if it lasts less than 20 minutes. Breaks lasting longer than 30 minutes are classified as meal periods and do not need to be paid, as long as the employee is completely relieved of all duties. Back to top Meal vs. rest breaks The main difference between a meal and a rest break is often its length. The typical meal break is 20-30 minutes and must be taken around midday, while a rest break is usually anywhere between 10-15 minutes and occurs at regular intervals throughout a shift. As with lunch breaks, no federal labor law requires short breaks at work. Only 11 states have local laws requiring employers to offer rest periods during work hours, and these short breaks almost always come in addition to a meal break. For instance, Colorado requires a 30-minute meal break for 5+ hour shifts and a 10-minute break for every four hours of work. Sometimes, however, it’s all just semantics. Take Maine, for example. The Pine Tree State is the only one of these 11 states that does not have a “meal break” per see, but it does have a rest break, requiring 30 minutes for work periods of over six hours. Technically, it’s not a meal break, just a rest break, but you and I both know it’s used for lunch. Minors and break laws State laws typically afford minors more break leniency than adult employees. While most state meal break rules for adults automatically cover minors, some states have specific standards for those under 18. Delaware, for example, gives adults a 30-minute break for seven and a half hours worked while giving those under 18 the same break time for only five hours worked. Some states with no adult lunch or rest break rules have unique break laws for minors. For instance, Louisiana and Michigan require employers to give 30-minute breaks to employees under 18 for shifts longer than five consecutive hours. However, In Hawaii, this same rule applies only to 14 and 15-year-olds. Managing rest and meal breaks If your state has specific rest break requirements, it’s essential that management understands them and takes appropriate action to uphold them. This, of course, is sometimes easier said than done. Without the right protocols and tools in place, tracking breaks can be tough, especially in complicated states like California, Oregon, and New York. Luckily, there are many ways to automate the workload. An online employee scheduling and time tracking platform like Workforce.com handles all break and employment law compliance for you, meaning staff will never miss breaks, and your business will never be penalized. Here are a few specific ways the cloud-based system helps you plan lunch breaks and calculate compensation accurately: Auto-schedule compliant breaks Workforce.com’s scheduling allows managers to automatically apply compliant meal and rest breaks to employee schedules according to local state laws. Employees can easily view these breaks from their phones, knowing exactly when to work and rest. Capture break clock-out data Via a time clock app, staff can temporarily clock out for breaks, and then clock back in once their break is over. This granular time clock data helps managers easily pinpoint non-compliant break times on timesheets. Utilize time clock questions Managers can create conditional questions that appear whenever an employee clocks out of a shift. These questions may ask things like “Did you waive your break?” or “Did you take your break?” depending on the length of the shift. Answers will automatically add all necessary premiums and allowances to timesheets, ensuring employees are always paid accurately. Track breaks in real-time With a live time clock feed, managers can see who’s working, who’s not, and who’s on break – all in one place and in real-time. This frontline visibility helps managers respond more quickly to lunch break non-compliance. Manage break rules across state lines Workforce.com has robust team and location functionality, letting you set up multiple locations on the platform. Break rules at each location can be configured according to local state laws, ensuring chains stay organized no matter where they are in the country. Support staff and protect your business with better breaks There are two key things managers can do right now to ensure their business stays on the right side of the law. One is to understand and adhere to whatever legislation applies in your state. The other is to be clear about what breaks are allowed, encourage staff to use them, and ensure they are accurately recorded. Doing all of this manually is a huge task and is prone to human error. Use employee scheduling software instead to automate how breaks are administered. Pair it with a time and attendance system to log hours and wages accurately so you’ll never have to search old time cards and spreadsheets for the needed data. Sound intriguing? Get in touch with us today, let’s talk about it. But getting break times right doesn’t just reduce your risk exposure – it also makes for happier employees. Shift workers deserve their breaks. Routinely taking time during a shift to eat, rest, and recharge always helps productivity and, most importantly, mental health. SOURCE Workforce

California
2024年01月21日
California

【下载】2024年加利福尼亚州就业法律指南 Get Your Free 2024 California Employment Law Guide 2024年加利福尼亚州就业法律指南广泛概述了 2024 年加利福尼亚州的新就业法律。它涵盖了就业法的各个方面，如一般就业法、大麻使用权、非竞争协议、与生育相关的丧假、工作场所安全以及特定行业的法律。每个部分都概述了新法律、其生效日期以及建议雇主为遵守这些法规而采取的下一步措施。该指南是了解不断变化的加利福尼亚州就业法律环境的全面资源，有助于确保遵守新的法规和条例。欢迎点击下载，来自CEA Get Your Free 2024 California Employment Law Guide While the end of the year is full of excitement with the holidays, this time of year also marks the buzz of Labor Law Update Season, as California employers prepare to comply with dozens of new employment laws. Access California Employers Association’s free 2024 New Laws Guide here, including key highlights for each bill and a to-do list for employers on practical next steps! Major changes this year include: Increased mandatory paid sick leave Brand new reproductive loss bereavement leave Comprehensive workplace violence prevention plan requirements Cannabis-use protections Wage and hour updates Just to name just a few! click here https://www.nacshr.org/Resources/63027AD3-6469-1065-2077-A1551263B72F.html CEA is here to provide customized support to employers of all sizes with their California compliance needs. source：CEA

California
2023年12月13日

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